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By Kyle Lavery, MD, Emerson Orthopedic Associates With school out of session, summer is an off-season time for many student athletes. While a period of rest is recommended from year-round sports to prevent overuse injuries, it is important to prepare appropriately for the upcoming fall sports season. Proper fitness and conditioning is critical to prevent injury and maximize performance. In general, an organized and progressive conditioning program that involves strength and cardiovascular training is recommended. This should be tailored to the athlete's sport, age, and goals. When preparing for an upcoming athletic season, here are some important things to keep in mind for optimum training: